![]() Also, these tests were performed by several experts that showed no significant differences in the obtained results. In this study, the reliability of these two tools was evaluated for sensory evaluation of diabetic patients and the results showed that they have sufficient reliability in several sessions (intervals of about 7 days). These two tools (monofilaments and tuning fork) should have sufficient accuracy and reliability to evaluate sensory perception in diabetic patients. One of the simplest ways of sensory evaluation is to examine the pressure sensation by monofilaments and vibration sensation by tuning fork. Thus, diabetic patients should be regularly evaluated for sensory perception. Plain Language Summary Sensory neuropathy is one of the main causes of foot ulcer in diabetic patients. The tuning fork is reliable to measure vibration sensations in diabetic patients.Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments are reliable to measure pressure sensation in diabetic patients.However, further studies are required to support the results of current study. Discussion: The obtained results indicated that SWM and tuning fork seemed to be highly reliable to measure pressure and vibration sensations in diabetic patients. Between-days inter-rater reliability of SWM and tuning fork were high and poor, respectively. Excellent between-days intra-rater reliability (ICC>0.75) was also obtained for SWM however, the ICC of tuning fork was moderate. Results: Within-day Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) analysis indicated excellent levels of inter-and intra-rater reliability (ICC>0.75) for feet kit SWM in all foot regions and 128 Hz and 256 Hz tuning forks. Measurements were performed twice on the first session with an hour interval to assess within-day reliability and the third one was demonstrated 7 days later to assess between-days reliability. They vibrate at a set frequency and are used for healing with sound. They work with the nervous system, tissues, and subtle energies of the body, providing deep relaxation and long-term benefits. Feet kit SWM and tuning fork were used for pressure and vibration sensation evaluation, respectively. Tuning forks are a gentle yet powerful modality for healing the mind, body, and soul, and restoring inner balance and health. Methods: Following ethical approval, 34 diabetic patients without foot ulceration were recruited. The present study evaluated the inter-and intra-rater reliability of SWM and tuning fork to measure pressure and vibration sensations in diabetic patients. Mastering the fine-tuning of frequencies can alleviate pain and discomfort for many chronic conditions while providing a higher sense of balance and self-awareness. Semmes-Weinstein Monofilaments (SWM) and tuning fork on/off test are widely used to assess pressure and vibration sensitivity. If they cannot feel it vibrating, test on the medial / lateral malleolus and. If they can feel it vibrating, progressively diminish the vibration until they cannot feel it. Ask the patient to describe the sensation. Periodical sensory examination is an appropriate method to detect neuropathy and decrease the risk of diabetic foot ulcer. With the patients eyes closed, place a vibrating 128hz tuning fork over the interphalangeal joint of the great toe. Objectives: Sensory neuropathy is the major cause of ulceration in diabetic patients.
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